Reform Judaism's View on Homosexuality

As we finish this year's reading of Leviticus, God shares many commandments with Moses and Aaron in this week's parashat. Aaron's sons anger God by entering the Tabernacle's holy shrine without permission, so God starts by laying the guidelines for Aaron entering this place. In this sacred spot, God appears in the literal shape of a cloud. God commands Aaron to only enter the presence of God with permission and sin and burnt offerings. Following these rules, God shows Aaron how to atone for himself and the entire community on his behalf. God reveals the details of the holiday now called Yom Kippur, the day of atonement.  According to the Torah, the Israelite community apologizes for their transgressions by sending sacrifices to their priest. Once the priest sends these offerings, God pardons all who participated. Today, we immerse ourselves in prayer to receive positive judgement from.  The next set of laws restricts Egyptian practices the Israelites witnessed during their time as slaves. Some of the rituals include the prohibition of incest and the controversial ban against homosexuality. The combined parashot of Acharei Mot and Kedoshim concludes with a series of various, many of which appear earlier in the Torah. God reviews how to sow crops, and this section ends with the mentioning of a few of the Ten Commandments received on Mount Sinai.


To many, the restriction against same-sex relationships seemed harsh and unappealing to include in the Reform Movement's practice. In the sector's early stages, rabbis discussed how to interpret the Torah in a way that included gays and lesbians to join their congregations. The rabbis understood the commandments' purpose as a way to avoid resembling the ancient Egyptians. During Biblical Times, ancient Egyptian priests made love to one another to show their affection to idols.  The Reform Movement viewed the commandment as a way to avoid polytheism, but they denied the overall immorality of homosexuality. Reform Jews accept an individual of any sexual preference to join them in prayer and celebrate the holidays.  In fact, many synagogues encourage the places of worship to establish a safe environment for people of varying sexual orientation. A number of gay and lesbian rabbis in the Reform Movement lead vibrant congregations, and their temple members view their leader based on the quality of their job performance, not who they love.  Reform Jews see love as a universal entity, and they recognize that sometimes love involves a man and a woman, two women, or two men. Psychologists agree that sexual orientation comes at birth, and gays and lesbians have very little choice in the matter. Therefore, Reform Jews find it pointless to exile someone whose preference is inadvertent . While the Conservative and Orthodox movements remain hesitant about the LGBTQ community joining them, the Reform Movement welcomes them with open-mindedness and most likely a smile.

Last year, I wrote "A Modern Debate From Biblical Times" where I discussed a few strategies to combat the thought of homosexuality as an abomination.  Upon starting my freshman year, I joined my school's Gay Straight Alliance. I suggest all schools embark on creating the same club in their establishment. Every Monday, we discuss issues facing the LGBTQ world, brainstorm ways to make our school a safer environment for out of the closet gays and lesbians, or just hang out, providing an accepting safe haven for already out of the closet students this year. Since our founding, a number of students felt safe enough to come out of the closet before us. We embraced the courage, and one time even bought a cake to celebrate the effort it took for them to reveal their true identity. A few of my personal friends told me about their sexual orientation this year, and I treated them the same as before. Some of my friends even began exploring relationships of the same sex. Just as with friends in a straight relationship, I teased them to no end, but I in no means judged them for their union. If I thought anything, I judged them positively for finding each other. With the organization of another temple youth group, my synagogue hosted an event for Keshet, a Jewish organization for LGBTQ rights. We participated in a seminar that explored elements of further acceptance in this realm. The instructor split us into groups, each needing to list common attributes of men and women in a box. Outside the square, the instructor told us to write statements about what happens to someone who steps outside this stereotypical box. Then, we regrouped to discuss how to prevent some of the negative side effects of stepping outside the box. During the second half of the seminar, we discussed what each letter in the LGBTQ acronym meant, finding way to create safe communities for each of these sectors. Finally, I vowed to remain silent during the school day a few weeks ago. During the Day of Silence, one receives a t-shirt, and they keep quiet for all six hours of the school day. The exercise symbolizes the intimidation gays and lesbians feel before they come out of the closet, and it strives to promote empathy for students who fail to realize how these afraid people suffer.  I learned how people respond to someone who makes their differences publicly. When people prodded me to talk, I released gays receive similar or even harsher methods of intimidation.  We pleasantly witnessed New York, Washington, California, Maryland, and New Jersey join or increase hopes of joining the list of states with legal same-sex marriage this year. In the future, I strive to see a world where many more people see homosexuality as a minor personality trait rather than an abomination.

Yom Ha'atzmaut: One Year Before Yedid

As May quickly approaches, I already feel eager to end the school and attend summer camp. I find it difficult to imagine my emotions at this time next year. In the summer of 2013, I will complete my years as a camper with a month-long trip to Israel. Since both Jews in the diaspora and Israelis celebrated Yom Ha'atzmaut (Israeli independence day) yesterday, I find it appropriate to reflect on this exciting expedition approaching in my near future. I attend a camp in New York’s Catskills Mountains, and we focus and build activities around three main ideals; Judaism, Socialism, and Zionism. On this trip called Yedid (friend in Hebrew), the camp explores aspects of each of these pillars. We go to kibbutzim to see socialism in practice. On the kibbutz, farmers work together for the betterment of the community over profit. Additionally, we see all the common tourists sights, some dating back to the days of ancient Judaea. We climb Massada, and the group walks around the holy sites at Jerusalem. In just a month’s time, I will explore the entirety of Israel, and I believe the days until then go by way too slowly. Every year, I see campers return with wonderful stories about Yedid. Going with Hashomer Hatzair, the organization that runs my camp, I experience the country from a truly Israeli perspective movement. This movement exists in Israel, and many locals come to the States. Some accompany us throughout the trip, showing us the inner secrets of the Holy Land. The trip offers a more valuable way to see Israel, touring “between the lines”. Last summer and the one prior, I met some of my best friends in the world. We live across the world from Tel Aviv to Philadelphia, and spending the summer together in this unifying place for all Jews bonds us together, even if our camp years end when we return to school in September. We started as a group of individuals with solely two similarities; our age and our varying practices of Judaism. Now, we approach this crux of our experience, learning more about each other every day. I most importantly want to travel to Israel before I matriculate at a rabbinical school. All rabbis need to study abroad in the Holy Land for one year. If everything occurs according to plan, this trip requires me to study Israel from an academic viewpoint. Going on both trips allow me to enjoy the country in two distinctly different ways. I want to go after undergraduate school, but I also know visiting during the summer relieves me of any pressure I feel from September to June. As 2013 quickly approaches, the glorious opportunities Yedid bestows upon me entice me every day. Until next July, I intend to wade my Israel-free days in a strategic manner. While I remain untouched by the glory of Israel, I plan to embrace my fully Jewish-American identity. I know Israel purely through the media and friends. The media depicts Israel as a war-stricken disaster, but I know it differs from this idea. From teachers and fellow campers, I hear Israel shines in the desert sun with beauty akin to that of a great painter. Rumors tell me the country mystifies any Jew wishing to learn about their roots. However, I want to arrive in Israel prepared for the journey. Although I find it difficult to balance my studies of English and Spanish for class and Hebrew as a hobby, I hope to acquaint myself with many more useful Hebrew phrases. Of course, I love my camp, and I expect to share as many great days with my peers as last summer in the coming months. Once the age group above us departs for Israel in late July, we dominate the camp as its oldest children. In those last few weeks, the camp requires us to write a play, create a closing ceremony, and plan a camp-wide activity. It takes teamwork to accomplish these tasks, but we will need this when we trek Israel in its 65th year of existence.

Why Keep Kosher?

Many Jews revere the Torah's dietary laws as a sacred tradition, even as modern times create a more difficult atmosphere to keep Kosher. The weekly portion, Shemini, begins with an argument between Moses and Aaron over sacrificial ritual. God quickly establishes peace among the brothers, and Moses begins to receive the Kashrut, the Jewish dietary customs. God classifies certain animals as clean and others as an abomination. To the uninformed mind, the taxonomy appears random, but the Torah distinguishes a particular system with each animal in a possible diet. By land, an animal needs to chew its own cud and possess splits hooves. The former describes a particular way an animal eats their food, and the latter focuses on the feet of an animal. The majority of farm animals fit these Kosher characteristics. Pork and other pig products remain the most common example of mammal traife, non-Kosher food. Kosher fish include any scale and fin bearing creatures, like salmon and tuna. Crustaceans top the list of marine traife, prohibiting Jews from eating lobster, shrimp, and clams. No guidelines exist for birds, but the Torah lists the names of unacceptable birds, such as owls, hawks, and ostriches. With one exception, God finally decrees all insects traife. Insects with jointed legs, mostly crickets and grasshoppers, are the only acceptable six-legged critters in the Jewish diet. Most Reform Jews stopped following these laws in the creation of their movement, but Orthodox and Conservative Jews continue these practices. According to the Torah, one who breaks this law remains unclean until evening. Unlike other laws, the severity of the consequence seems weak in comparison to that of a stoning or execution. These laws complicate life every day, but lack reason in the Torah. Traditional rabbis saw this as a health concern to the Jewish people. Swine often carried more diseases than other farm animals. Deeming them sacrilegious supposedly helped ancient Jews' livelihood, yet modern science disproved this theory not so long ago. Other ancient rabbis payed special attention to which animals God decides to exclude. Pigs bathe in their own filth, and crustaceans consume whatever scraps they find. The olden thinkers thought God found these lowly beings unfit for humans. Most people eat three times a day, so keeping Kosher serves as a mechanism to force Jews into thinking about God. When thinking about a place to host a business lunch, the Jews need to consult the Torah. The consistency of eating reveals the holiness in every moment on Earth. For those who discount the existence of God, keeping Kosher provides a more universal lesson. Abstaining from certain foods, no matter how delectable, requires a great degree of discipline. Workers and friends alike desire such control. By eating only certain foods, we learn how to tame other inhibitions, such as lust, jealous, and anger. God specifies how to eat, but the portion requires a better explanation for keeping this custom. Like many parts of the Torah, these chapters demand personal interpretation. I started keeping Kosher around eight years old. It started because I simultaneously the perks of a career as a rabbi and my dislike of shrimp. After eight years of devouring crustacean and porks delicacies, I knew I needed to progressively eliminate my traife intake, rather than following all the Kashrut at once. Following these laws serves a dual purpose for me. When I smell bacon and ignore my inner temptations to forget the Torah, I immediately feel more connected to God. On Yom Kippur, God theoretically weighs a person's sins against their good deeds, and observing the Kashrut provides an easy way to tip this scale. Secondly, keeping Kosher teaches me how to calm myself and learn how to refuse certain foods. Yesterday, I tried to run with a stomach full of donuts, but I certainly felt the importance of a balanced diet as an athlete. When I learn how to ignore the deliciousness of lobster, I also teach myself how to reject a second helping of ice cream. In addition, the Kashrut laid the foundation for my work ethic, one that allows me to excel in school and other aspects of my life. The exacting nature of God shown in this week's Torah portion shows how I need to complete the work I plan for myself when the day begins. While hearing the theme song to my favorite show in the family room, I intently concentrate on homework, comparing the television to traife. Keeping Kosher allows me to exert intense efforts when needed. For any one who keeps Kosher for Passover, I find the regular dietary guidelines much easier to follow. For those who feels they lack a deep connection to Judaism, I recommend keeping Kosher. Like any lifestyle choice, time and consistency makes the change easier. I no longer miss traife,for I see how greater a reward I reap from these laws. I see their greater purpose in changing my life, as a runner, a student, and a Jew.

Next Year In Jerusalem Part 2

Last night, I discussed the importance for supporting the freedom of people all over the world. I declared, "All people deserve the same liberties people in Israel and the United States take for granted every day, and next year in Jerusalem, we will come together, not as a nation but as a world." The story of Passover resonates with activists such as myself. God calls on Moses to save a nation, and one man's courage revolutionizes the fate of a people. At first, Moses struggles to convince Pharaoh, but God sends a series of plagues that change his mind. On Passover, we remember how the weak overcome the mighty. Often, progress halts in the face of stubborn ignorance. We occasionally see the rise of a few great leaders who compare to Moses. To name a few, Mohandas Gandhi, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and Theodore Hertzl belong on this coveted list. These heroes conquered their doubts, and they assailed all obstacles in their way. People often denounce humanity in the face of darkness. We witness abuse of power or cruelty, but we fail to genuinely care. In the United States, our massive fortunes as a nation sometimes inhibit our ability to empathize with the world's large number of poor people across the world. Each and every Passover, I hope to see an improved world where the health and wealth of all peoples increases.

Earlier this year, I talked about people who know about righteous but fail to strive towards it. Finding a method to correct society remains an evermore difficult task. Charity seems like the everlasting solution to poverty, but economic instability makes donating a dangerous task. However, other, effective forms of activism definitely exist. In this age of technology, the Internet provides a number of opportunities to protest around the world from the comfort of a desk in a singular place. Recently, the Invisible Children foundation launched a Kony 2012 campaign. Through the power of Facebook and Twitter, one man informed the world about the horrors of Joseph Kony and the Lord's Resistance Army. Before any kind of changes take place, one needs to spread awareness and educate the masses about the problem. This movement taught many people about this conflict. To truly fight for the freedoms of others, we must support the rebels. In the 1960's, King's protests succeeded because people of all races joined to show their passion for civil rights. In the coming year, I intend to pledge allegiance to fight for the liberation of the entire world. Like Moses, I want to change the world, and with the help of all those around me, this dream surpasses hope and establishes itself as reality.

Passover During Another Arab Spring

On Passover, we completely disrupt our nightly dinner routine. Some of us host extravagant seders with meals that took hours to cook, and others travel to nearby homes or faraway places. By using a number of symbols throughout the service, we recount how the Jews departed Egypt in the name of God and freedom. In Hebrew, seder means "order". From Beijing to Berlin, Jews around the world start the seder with reciting Kiddush, and we continue through the same sequence. The way we tell the story varies in each household, yet we repeat a similar seder every year. By the time a Jew reaches adulthood, the Passover story comes to mind as easily as one of Aesop's fables or Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet". Most Jews know how Pharaoh enslaved the Jewish people, and God freed us through the leadership and bravery of Moses. The Passover seder serves one primary purpose; we wish to teach the next generation of Jewish children about this most holy event. If we fail to retell this story, complacency will rage throughout the Jewish nation. We not only rejoice about God's miracles in Egypt, but we force ourselves to seriously acknowledge them. Many Jews celebrate Passover in praise of God, and the rest observe the holiday to commend the literal courage of their ancestors. The holiday represents a new dawn in the history of Judaism, our age of freedom. As Moses and his caravan cross the Red Sea, God deems them the Jewish nation. We reached the Promised Land of Israel, and we spread across the world preserving our culture through many eras. Just as parades and fireworks remind Americans on the fourth of July, we eat matzah and bitter herbs to fill our minds with thoughts about freedom.

Towards the end of every seder, we recount the toils of enslaved peoples in the present. We declare to help these people as God answered the Jewish people's ancient cries. Traditionally, we open the door for the prophet Elijah. This old sage represents all of the world's kindness and charity. Elijah allegedly drinks a sip of the Passover wine at each household, showing the prophet's commitment to redeem the entire world. Many haggadot includes, "This year we are here, next year we will be in the Land of Israel. This year we are slaves, next year we will be free." The lines means to encourage Jews to strive for the liberation of Jews in other places where their leaders restrict their freedom. We conclude the seder with a message of hope, a mission to perform Gemulut Hasidim, acts of love and kindness. By coming together on this holiday, we establish ourselves as individuals who share the ability to revolutionize humanity. Moses liberated a nation with only his words, and we too possess this ability.

Last year, our Arab brothers and sisters took hold of their inner voice. We witnessed a wave of revolution, which most recently compares to the turbulent year of 1968. In December 2010, a man in a Tunisian square engulfed himself in flames. That fire roared across the Sahara and Arabian Peninsula. Within a month, the people overthrew their horrid dictator. Egypt soon followed suit, toppling the oppressive regime of Hosni Mubarak. By autumn, organizers created a new, more democratic Egypt. As the spring turned into a passionate summer, Libyans fought a civil war against their malignant leader, Moammar Gadhafi. When each protested ended, Israelis hoped the new leaders would reconsider long-term peace in Israel. This year in Jerusalem, we see a spread of newly freed people. Rather than Jews fighting for the sake of other Jews, the world experienced a revolution on a scale unseen anywhere else in history.

Now, we face a growing problem in this volatile region. We see others in oppression, like the ongoing revolutions in Bahrain and Syria. From our memories of Pharaoh, we know how it feels to face a stubborn dictator, yet the reality of supporting extremists brings fear. Just this week, Egyptians fired missiles into Israel's tropical city, Eilat. After thirty years, it appears young Egyptians want to break a seemingly stable pact negotiated by Anwar El Sadat and Menachem Begin. Is this the mission we want Elijah to complete over this next year? We strive for our reconvening as a nation in the land of Israel, but Israel appears fragile in the face of complete freedom. Overall, I believe supporting democracy across the world holds more importance than the issue of peace between Israel and these Arab neighbors. For every anti-Israeli Arab, another denounces their practices. Over each summer, I spend a couple weeks with a few native Israelis and Palestinians. They know the possibility of peace, for they coexist at my camp during a long, six week stretch in the Catskills. The hopes Israelis held last year were not forsaken. On this night of teaching the children, I seek to deliver this message; all people deserve the same liberties people in Israel and the United States take for granted every day, and next year in Jerusalem, we will come together, not as a nation but as a world.

Shakespeare Series: Much Ado About Nothing

Many classify "Much Ado About Nothing" as Shakespeare's romantic comedy. The play begins when native of Messina, Leonato, invites Prince Don Pedro and his mission to stay a month in celebration of their heroic work. Upon receiving the invitation, Count Claudio falls for Leonato's daughter, Hero. Instantly, Hero and Claudio love each other. On the contrary, the head of the household's niece, Beatrice, finds herself in the repulsive presence of Claudio's comrade, Benedict. This duo uses their equally matched wits against one another. Beatrice and Benedict repetitively entertain the whole company with their public arguments. Don Pedro speculates the possibility of Beatrice and Benedict falling in love, and he hatches a scheme with Claudio to trick them into performing this action. The prince and count find Benedict eavesdropping on them from afar, and they pretend not to notice. Claudio and Don Pedro trick Benedict into thinking Beatrice adores him, and Margret and Ursula, Beatrice's waiting ladies, do the same to her. Later, Hero and Claudio agree to wed each other. The prince's less fortunate brother, Don John, utilizes their marriage as a way to carry out his own evil plan. Don John hires Borachio to frame Hero for cheating on her fiancé. The rest of the play includes Benedict and Beatrice denying their consensual love and the hilarious watchmen lead by their incompetent master, Dogberry.

Unlike my last endeavor with a Shakespeare comedy ("Taming of the Shrew"), "Much Ado" frequently made me laugh out loud. I often feel Shakespearean comedies start off with a very clever part and exposition, and they conclude in a witty way that provides closure to the audience. On the contrary, I find the middle of these comedies lacking luster, for the characters either repeat their punchlines. In this play, the middle of the play contains a number of funny moments. Throughout the third act, Dogberry and his watchmen make humor out of the play. As Don John dramatically ruins Claudio and Hero's wedding day, the watch comes to investigate. Akin to many members of Shakespeare's working class, the watchmen's uneducated nature causes a hilarious sequence in the core of this play. Of all the comedies, the text of "Much Ado" surpasses that of "Comedy of Errors" and "Midsummer". This play's themes touch a reader on a deeper level, yet they entertain as much as Shakespeare's other lighter works. Speaking from experience, I greatly enjoyed acting in this play. In performance, the play emits this aura forces the audience to smile, relax, and enjoy watching Beatrice and Benedict bicker over the most trivial matters.

I highly recommend "Much Ado About Nothing" for anyone at least slightly interested in Shakespeare. I find the plot easier to comprehend than some of Shakespeare's other comedies. "Midsummer" requires a higher level of understanding the characters as Puck begins to mismatch their love interests for one another, and even experienced Shakespeare readers confuse the twin protagonists in "Comedy of Errors". Even though this play reads very well, I recommend seeing the play in performance as a supplement to the text. Some of these lines stand humorous on their own, yet the expressions and inflections actors bring to each part further increases the magnificence of this play. To fully experience the goodness of "Much Ado", one must imagine a stage and the scene on it while reading. For those who like Shakespeare and a decent laugh, "Much Ado About Nothing" appeases both cravings.

My Dear Friends

My Dear Friends,
I write this today to chastise all of you. Humans, as a species, make social interaction an incredibly unreasonable trouble. We label one another as “awkward”, “weird”, and “creepy”, yet we fail to recognize how these adjectives affect those around us. I know these terms hurt greatly, leading to great doubt in myself. Martin Luther King Jr. prayed for a society in which people judged people not only by the color of their skin but the content of their character. On the contrary, I desire to live in an age where society accepts all characters; strange, unique, and indifferent. I write today not to seek pity, but I want to share my observations. I hope these thoughts change how we deal with social situations, freeing ourselves of negative judgment and letting people reveal their entire persona.
At the beginning of time, nobody played social “games” with each other. We developed ways to conceal our emotions, and we established a system of social conventions and restrictions. One day, humans decided to humiliate those who fart in public. All over the world farting embarrasses people, yet everybody performs this bodily function. Stop criticizing others for their infrequent mistakes. Once somebody farts in public, they immediately conceal their embarrassment. Our peers teach us to suppress emotions in order to prevent a comeuppance. Humans love to hear applause and admiration. Naturally, we adapt to fit into this narrow, likeable spectrum. Some individuals rise above such pressures, but many cede into what others’ idea of a friend. This week especially, people continually laughed and complained about my idiosyncrasies, and I questioned why they refused to let me live as I want to live. People blend like chameleons, constantly scarifying their special qualities to blend in a crowd. I attempt to exist as the person I see in my mirror, but everyone around me tears this individual to shreds. I stand among many others who suffer this same reoccurrence. Even the most confident men and women in the world doubt themselves due to this so-called “peanut gallery”. Last week, I discussed accepting the exterior beauty of every individual. Though impossible to request we like every individual we meet, I plead that we tolerate those we dislike and respect every quality of those we deem our friends.
To a realist, my wish seems but an impossible dream. However, skeptics criticized Gandhi’s movement for India and Obama’s chance at the presidency. A few quick principles propel this dream into a very firm future. Our lives consist of four types of friendships; strong ones, desired ones, undesired ones, and undiscovered ones. To strengthen strong, desired, and undiscovered bonds, we must seek out individuals who accept our entire being. A particular friend is a temporary friend. Once we find an accepting person, we necessitate honesty and trust. Without these important virtues, a friendship remains bound to crumble. Trust takes time to build between individuals, but friendships immediately needs honestly. People too often regress from sharing their feelings, ultimately resulting in the weakening in the friendship. While one must sustain their accepting nature, raise concerns about a problem within the relationship. Wednesday, I made a comment that truly hurt a friend’s feelings. Apparently, my sarcasm came across too weak. I wish the friend immediately told me the joke went too far. Instead, I found out an hour later, for the friend merely laugh along with the others in the situation. Finally, loyalty stands among the most important qualities one deserves in a friend. Like a puppy, a friend needs to nurture their counterpart. Puppies require daily attention and communication. To some, a loyal friend jumps in front of a car just as it hits us. However, daily acts of love and kindness make the same difference. By celebrating each other’s birthdays and carefully listening to one another, we build indestructible bonds. Loyalty stands as the difference between a friend and an acquaintance. Therefore, I hope you learned how I think about you, my dear friends.
Yours truly,
Adam

Why Have Beauty?

In this week's Torah portion, God directs Moses in the building of the Tabernacle. This Ark of the Covenant protects the Ten Commandments. The structure acts like a portable synagogue. In other words, the Tabernacle serves as a holy suitcase. God very specifically describes how to design the Tabernacle. According to God's directions, gold covers the entire ark. Almost every inch of the Tabernacle shines with this regal color. Other features include cherub decorations, silver posts, and curtains of fine purple, blue, and crimson yarn. Most significantly, a curtain of these linens covers the commandments presented to Moses at Sinai. God proclaims this curtain separates the Holy and the Holy of Hollies.

Throughout the portion, God meticulously discusses the appearance of the Tabernacle, yet God abstains from expounding upon the significance or meaning of this holiest ark. It appears that the Tabernacle's physicality ranks higher than its meaning. By swapping the Tabernacle's gold for copper, does one deteriorate the meaning of the Ten Commandments? Perhaps, God intends to separate the Holy from the ordinary just as the Ark's most important curtain distinguishes the Holy and the Holy of Hollies. From a practical point of view, gold withstands corrosion better than any other metal, taking into account the Arab Peninsula's harsh conditions. While gold serves a purpose, it remains peculiar that God only physically describes the Tabernacle. What emotions does God intend for the Tabernacle to wring from the soul? Most holy places similarly look noble and luxurious. In theory, God recognizes and listens to all kind human beings, so praying in shack barely differentiates from worshipping at the finest synagogue in all the world. Although standards vary from culture to culture, humans all over the world praise beauty in buildings and people alike.

Whether we enjoy admitting it or not, we all occasionally judge based on appearance. In a theoretical world where every human looks and dresses in the same matter, personality remains as the only basis of our judgements. Of course, our world suffuses with diversity. A world without beauty seems to lack substance, for this elegance causes the most happiness on Earth. From a sunset over the Rocky Mountains or a bride on her wedding, our culture upholds beauty as a staple of society. It stands incorrect to denounce beauty, for it makes the world smile. The injustice of beauty exists in comparison. Throughout the Torah and the world, God creates beautiful people and sights. God never calls part of creation ugly. The Torah even describes one of its most repulsive characters, Esau, as skillful and hairy. The sin of beauty lies in its opposites. Teasing an ugly person insults both God and the victim, for all humans persists to appear beautiful in the eyes of God. Therefore, beauty should remain a celebrated aspect of society, as long as we celebrate all humans as somehow beautiful.

Westerners uphold musculature, light weight, nice skin and hair, facial symmetry, among other qualities as their guidelines of attraction. To a certain degree, all qualities of beauty become achievable through effort and determination. If one wants to lose weights, exercise and proper, non-extreme dieting lead them to beauty. However, confidence supersedes any product from the 13 million dollar cosmetic and 58 billion dollar weight loss industries in the United States. Unfortunately, the majority of romantic encounter end in ultimate rejection. Continual failures causes doubt in beauty, but by reassuring oneself, we launch ourselves on a much quicker rate of recovery. In our culture, beauty requires effort, but even the "ugliest" person in our society's eyes can shine like the gold of the Tabernacle.

Tu B'Shvat Check-In

Last Tu B'Shvat I discussed how I ecologically impact the world. I developed goals to achieve by Tu B'Shvat in 2012. Since the lovely holiday just passed, it seems important to weigh how much I set out to do against what I actually accomplished. Tu B'Shvat honors the environment, especially the trees. While the ground remains far too cold at this time of year to plant any crops in the United States, Israel's spring begins with Tu B'Shvat. On this day, Israelis all over the country begin the farming season by planting trees and sowing their fields. American Jews often celebrate by sending money to the Jewish National Fund's tree planting initiative, eating a variety of fruits and vegetables, or enthusiastically reading Dr. Seuss' The Lorax. My family and I successfully executed many of the endeavors we set out to achieve in 2011. in

In order to protect the environment, my family and I revolutionized how we lived over the past year. In comparison to how I planned to revive our recycling efforts, my sister worked wonders to make this initiative really surpass my expectations. Initially, I imagined my family to begin recycling paper in mass quantities. Instead, we rarely throw anything into the trash. Most weeks we filled our recycling bins to the brim. The regular trash occasionally lacked so little substance, we simply skipped bringing it to the end of the driveway for the garbage truck. Although this family still wastefully discards a few items, such as paper towels, this small idealistic dream of mine developed into a working reality.

Now that we recycled much of our paper, plastic, and metal waste, I noticied the trash consisted of mostly food and paper towels. My camp composted all of its food waste during the summer, and I presumed it was possible to do at home. The process to install a composter was not easy. My parents understandably doubted the rewards of owning a bucket full of rotting food and placing it in their yard. I promised that when it came to composting, I would take all responsibility. They skeptically agreed. We bought one small composter for daily scraps, and then I emptied that bin into a much larger tumbler. To their surprise, my parents found composting much easier and less smelly than they expected. This spring, I hope to use the compost to plant a new garden in my yard. I wonder how a garden with regular soil compares to that of one with compost. While composting remained a fairly easy process, I struggled to empty the compost when the weather was poor. Luckily, I started during this snowless winter, but I recognize this as an obstacle in future years. Instead of heaps of food wasting going to a landfill, the compost helps recycle a substance many find non-reuseable. I advise anybody who reads this to compost, for it is an easy, very effective method to save the world.

Over the course of the next year, I wish to further improve how I impact the environment. Most of all, I intend to greatly reduce how much water I use on a daily basis. As Jew, I find it especially important to conserve water. Israel's climate lacks sufficient precipitation for the Jewish homeland's population. All of the country's fresh water comes from one reservoir, the Kineret, and that body is currently drying faster than ever. Israel aside, the much of the remainder of the world needs more water than available to them. Even the United States' water supply seems vulnerable in accordance to the United Nations. The UN subsequently states that 1 in 6 people (about 17% of all humans on Earth) can not access safe fresh water. I plan to limit myself to one daily shower that never exceeds ten minutes in length. Additionally, I seek to research and implement as many water conserving methods as possible. By taking a part in my school's environmental club, I also aspire to achieve change in school as well as in my town and the surrounding areas. The world needs more water, and I intend to do my part in helping the Israelis and anyone else whose thirst inhibits their ability to live a happy, fulfilling existence.

Responsibility for Responsibility

Mishpatim, the name of this week's Torah portion, appropriately means laws. Like the Ten Commandments to the Constitution, Mishpatim resembles the Bill of Rights. Although the portion lacks the listing of the Israelite people's right as a nation, the declarations displayed in this portion directly amend the Ten Commandments. Some of these rules include how to handle a slave, male and female, and their offspring. Later, the portion discusses how to act in situations where one suffers wrongdoing. Rather than promote retribution, the Torah famously reasons to take an eye for an eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burn for burn, wound for wound, and bruise for bruise. After that, the portion presents a series of restrictions, like the spreading of false rumors, observation of the Sabbath, and boiling a kid in their mother's milk. God deems these laws a mandate over the entire nation of Israel, for God will aid the Israelites into an age of prosperity by observing these commandments. In accepting these commandments, God and Israel establish a covenant which stills motivates us to uphold God's proclamations in the Torah.

Many deem the Torah's laws too absolute, like the taking of another's eye results in the taking of one's own eye. Of course, an eye for an eye makes the world go blind, as the most popular cliché tells us. However, the law deserves some justification. While an eye for an eye results in a sightless world, the commandments teaches Israel to think before they act. Being impulsive results in the worst of punishments. Before defying our values, we need to ponder how the action may effect ourselves. Do I really want to punch somebody in a fight when they can reply with a justified punch of the same vigor? It is important to note that the law avoids reasoning a life for a life. The death penalty directly contradicts the Ten Commandments, exclaiming thou shalt not murder. The commandment merely states that one who commits a transgression against another should expect to pay that to experience the same misfortune, excluding death. While the law contradicts many other Jewish practices of receiving forgiveness through atonement, the law allows one to pause before acting.

An Analysis of the Song of the Sea

Once the Israelites cross over the Sea of Reeds, they erupt in song, embodying their joy of freedom. Before this celebration, the Israelites only know themselves as slaves in Egypt. Now, they begin to return to the age of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Liberation stuns this generation, for they feel God returns to them with this act. Due to his lack of answering their numerous pleas, the people doubt God in Egypt. Suddenly, God redeems the Jewish people, humiliating Pharaoh and all of Egypt in the process. The punishers become the rightfully punished, and the Jewish people rejoice at the loyalty of their God. In a final display of mightiness, God seemingly traps the Israelites in the wilderness. God commands Moses to hold out his arm, and the sea splits in this most recognized scene in the Bible. Pharaoh army chases after the Israelite people until the very conclusion of their escape. With a pillar of cloud, God inhibits Pharaoh ability to catch Moses' caravan. When God removes the pillar, Pharaoh rushes onto the path between the halves of sea, but God closes the waterway. The power of the few Israelites defeated Egypt, the most powerful empire at this point in the ancient world. Only God performs miracles with such vigor, people of all nations.

The Jewish people enter a new stage in their journey with God at the Sea of Reeds. In the Song of the Sea, the Israelites ask who is like Adonai, fearing the might that strikes Egypt down with ease. These newly free people proclaim God crushes Egypt with only Adonai's right hand. Being freed from Egypt forces the Jews to comply to follow God's commandments. Some Jews fathom God is loving, and therefore God's miracles need to be performed. Others cower in the presence of God, worrying that failing to comply with God's will decreases their chance of survival. Throughout the desert, the Israelites continually complain to God and doubt their privilege to be free. Then, God solves their problem, and they begin to praise God again. One needs to find balance between these opposing views.

Should we fear or love God? Fear of God depicts God as an oppressor, but God is rather a healer, a lover, and a redeemer. However, God like a parent deserves respect. Loving as God appears, God also omnipotently controls every force in the universe. Either way the commandments in the Torah are meant to help humanity. Most of these laws include helping one another, reflecting the image of God. While following every commandment to some degree lessens one's doubt in betraying God, God praises all who perform gemiulut hasidim, acts of love and kindness. On Yom Kippur, it is said that God weighs all Jew's sins against their good deeds. Depending on the way the scale balances and the forgiveness one offers, God grants them pardon or scolds their narrow-minded actions. Loving God prompts one to perform these acts in the spirit of God, but fearing God pushes one to do this. Performing the miracles of God helps sustain Moses with purpose. Balancing the fear and love of God becomes difficult, but it provides the same reward as the leader of the Jewish people felt at the Sea of Reeds. Inspiring a mass collaborative of human beings brightens the sun's rays and increases the joy of human life. By helping one another in the spirit of God, we truly help ourselves.

Pharaoh, Grab A Piece of Humble Pie

In order to persuade Pharaoh, God sends ten plagues to promote the Israelites' liberation. At first, Pharaoh's courtiers imitate the plagues. Like God with the Nile, they use powder to turn water into blood. As the plagues continue, the magicians find it harder to duplicate God's wonders. By the final three plagues' arrivals, all of Egypt is stunned by God, yet Pharaoh continually grants the Jews freedom and restricts it just as quickly. In Egypt, Pharaoh arrogantly rise above all his subjects. God continually hardens his heart to humiliate Pharaoh, for Pharaoh believes he is higher than God. Pharaoh thinks the Egyptian gods and their kingdoms exceeds the greatness of anything else in the universe. God sends locusts to destroy the fields that feed the vast population of Egypt. Then, God casts darkness over Egypt, showing the darkness of Pharaoh's heart. Finally, God sends the worst of wonders. In an ultimate attempt to free Israel, God releases the Angel of Death. The angel passes over any Israelite house, for they are distinguished by the lamb's blood on their doorposts. The Torah proclaims a horrid cry shrieked throughout Egypt. Every family from the Pharaoh's to the slaves' suffers during the tenth plague. This horror angers Pharaoh, but he releases the Israelites. In a hurry, the Israelites run to the sea of reeds, waiting to escape Egypt.

After a few plagues, Pharaoh begins to succumb to Moses' demands, yet God continually changes Pharaoh's mind. When one's arrogance rises to the level of Pharaoh's, utter humiliation is the only solution. Humility is the recognition of one's own faults, realizing that one lacks the abilities of another person or God. As God destroys the foundation of Pharaoh's empire, the stubborn man learns humility. Due to his sins in Egypt and the wilderness, Moses learn humility by not going to the Promised Land. Many think modesty lessens the quality of a human's character, but this virtue contrarily enhances the human state. Without it, humans puts themselves on a pedestal. This arrogant thinking leads to the feeling of being superior to others. Following suit, the arrogance forces one to place him or herself above God, an impossible feat. The ability to seek help when needed is a key aspect of every great leader. President Obama fails to complete every governmental task alone, for every person excels in some realms and fails in others. Unfortunately, one must always keep their humility in check. While sheepishness improves a human's character, an abundance of humility is disastrous for one's self esteem. Life is an ongoing struggle between confidence and humility.

It is hypocritical of me to discuss humility, for I lack much of it in my own life. This conflict between arrogance and modesty is one I encounter daily. Last year, I lacked confidence. I was too humble, scolding myself on every exacting detail. Now, I exude confidence wherever I go, but sometimes it comes without restraint. Confidence is a blessing of success, but it also intimidates others. Self-pride leads to arrogance, and arrogance forces divine intervention, as seen in the parashat. God frowns upon the arrogant. To escape this inevitable fate, I must discover this balance. Music helps me uncover these internal faults. I find playing the drums difficult, for the number of things to keep in mind is unruly. While the basic percussionist only worries about playing rhythms correctly, one must remember dynamics, tempo, stick height, accents, and a number of other musical foes to truly produce music. Even when I play the drums well, I know some aspect of music lacked in my performance. The only way to improvement is through practicing and seeking help from experts. Keep humility in mind this week. Why do we criticize prior to complimenting when we observe others? As we go through this week, we should be especially aware of each other's strengths and weaknesses. The balance between humility and arrogance is a tough median to find, but only together can we avoid a horrible cry throughout the land of Egypt.
-Being aware of others strengths and weakness

Were the Occupy Wall Street Protests Successful?

Last week, I discussed the relationship between the Book of Exodus and Occupy Wall Street. In both instances, oppressed people's frustration resulted in civil protest. Moses and Aaron requested Pharaoh's liberation of the Jewish people in the name of God. On Wall Street, the 99% demanded the reformation of the plutocracy that was once their democracy. People across the United States called on the government to isolate themselves from corporations, for these activists felt politicians voted with companies in mind rather than people. While God sent ten plagues to change Pharaoh's mind, no deity helped these occupiers. Instead of hail and frogs, these protesters endured cold nights and pepper spray. Some say the message of the occupiers came across as unclear, but it seems that was just their intention. By camping out in the epicenter of capitalism, these men and women tried to express their feelings to the world. It is difficult to equate the Arab Spring to Occupy Wall Street, for the politicians in Washington were not the root of their problem. This fall's protesters criticized the Americans values as represented across our society. They questioned the power of a bank to force somebody into the cold, the say an oil company deserves in environmentalism, and the reasoning that grants the Kardashians more tax cuts than a struggling state employee. Police forces banned the encampment at most of these sites, but these troubled Americans, like Aaron, God, and Moses, refused to quit. As the intensity of these protests stagnates, it is important to ask what affect, if any at all, these protests truly forced upon the rest of society.

Were the Occupy Wall Street protests successful? By the end of November, the protest sites degenerated into homeless shelters. The message that came across to the American public was disorganized. While we comprehended these people were the 99%, what did they want? Martin Luther King Jr.'s dream, as celebrated this week, was clear. Moses presented a lucid argument to Pharaoh. The Occupy Movement is historically analogous to the revolutions that occurred in 1848 France. The protests at both times were sudden but overwhelmingly failed to change society. When the United Kingdom and Germany shifted the European balance of power, the French grew angry. They demanded revolution similar to 1789, but the Radicals closed their ears to liberals. The change flopped, but the anger remained. In terms of pushing legislation, Occupy Wall Street failed.

Were all those nights in Zuccotti Park a waste? Politicians poorly answered the demands of the protesters, but they heard the people's voice. Few protesters end unrecognized because they embody the people's frustration. While a clear message might help the occupiers progress, their opaqueness showed how many problems the American people battle. The protests inspired celebrities like Warren Buffet to call for action in Washington. Unlike 1848, Occupy Wall Street laid stepping stones that can lead to change. The French fight caused more anarchy than reformation. Throughout history, republics failed to represent their citizens. Now, the American people are taking initiative. Instead of waiting for Congress to wave their magic wand, the people want solutions as fast as they want their internet speed. The protests earned my support. The United States is a plutocracy, a country run by the rich for the rich. By camping in Manhattan, the people shoved this fact in front of the public. As with the Israelites in Egypt, sometimes protests need to bring physical change. Others fight to raise awareness. In the 1960's, the anti-war movement pushed congressional leaders to strategize the evacuation of Vietnam. It showed the frustration of the nation's citizens. Like those fighters who did not see results until 1971, I recommend the Occupy Wall Street Movement to continue their call for change. By prolonging their campaign, whether it be with tents, signs, Facebook, or any combination of the three, I will deem the Occupy Wall Street Movement a success.

Occupy the Goshen?

After the passing of Joseph, the Jews remain in Egypt. The Israelites proliferate, which causes Pharaoh to fear them joining forces with others rebels in an uprising. By this point, the new Pharaoh no longer remembers how Joseph saved Egypt. To ease his apprehension, Pharaoh enslaves the Israelites. He demands the execution of an entire generation of Israelite boys. While the Egyptians carry out this order, one baby survives. Jochebed, the mother of Moses, sends her son down the Nile River in a basket. The princess allegedly encounters Moses, and she raises him as her own son. As Moses observes his subjects as prince of Egypt, he stumbles upon an Egyptian mercilessly beating an Israelite. Enraged, Moses murders the overseer, hoping nobody sees this ordeal. Unfortunately, Moses' sin spreads throughout Egypt. Moses escapes to Midian where he works as a shepherd. One day, Moses takes his flock into the mountains. He notices a bush engulfed in flames but hardly burning. Through this bush, God talks to Moses. God commands Moses to return to Egypt and liberate the Jewish people. Moses attempts to convince God he is not worthy of such a task, but God refuses to listen. At first, Moses retorts he is unworthy of such a divine task. He also fears the Israelites' and Pharaoh's inability to believe God sent him. Finally, Moses complains how he speaks poorly, but in all these cases God's fidelity will be with him. Aaron and Moses meet in the desert, and they begin their ordeal with Pharaoh. Instead of freeing the Israelites, Pharaoh makes the workload heavier. Here, the story of exodus breaks. Unfortunately, the Israelites are no more excited of their possible liberation than the straw they must gather which was once supplied by Pharaoh.

Moses attempts to flee from the politics of Egypt. He recognizes the Egyptian treatment of Israelites is corrupt, yet Moses refuses to reform the system, even when he is in power. Many of us try to run away from the pressures of daily life in a similar way. Some of us handle stress better than others, yet we eventually all hide an issue until it supersedes that control and insists to burst. God finds Moses regardless of his location. Then, God commands Moses to rise to the occasion of saving the Israelites Most of our problems do not receive special attention from God, but they similarly haunt us. Like Moses, we try to make excuses to avoid our stresses, but the reality of the situation hardly seems to fade. Eventually, we all must confront our anxieties. While we cower with the thought of an upcoming test, one can only throughly study to truly relieve him or herself. Whether the test goes well or not, it arrives. Likewise, a relationship that should not last forever never does, but the breakup lingers until one of the members ends the failing romantic affair. The relief that follows the solution greatly outweighs the preceding tension. Problems should not dwell within oneself, but they should be methodically resolved, creating a better situation.

In their attempts to follow God's orders, Aaron and Moses light the spark to a revolution. While problems can be fled and solved on a personal level, we also must apply the lessons taught by Moses to society. The issues of the world are not stories made up by newscasters. When many people die in a battle, those people are real. Living in one of the world's most well-endowed nations blinds a number of Americans to the troubles of the modern world. We hear about an earthquake in Haiti and forget about it two years later, yet those Haitians remain impoverished. Journalists exposed large companies of child abuse, but we continue to buy clothes from these cruel corporations. When we are informed of a problem distasteful to us, we should set out to cure it. In 2011, a group of Americans decided to take to the streets and call this country and its corporations out for their corruption. Whether the occupy movement or any other protest is right or wrong in their message, they should be applauded for their exercise of their beliefs. PHaraoh and the NYPD tried to shut down their opposing movement, but like the burning burn, these rebels' passions never fatigued. God believed in keeping promises, so the Israelites absolutely needed to be freed from bondage. When the stresses of our personal or societal lives become too heavy a burden to bear, escape is not an option. Even in the mountains of Midian, God can find us.

Thanking God for Hardship

Joseph rescues his family and the Israelite nation in this week's Torah portion. Last weeks, Joseph correctly deciphers Pharaoh's dream about seven years of feast and seven years of famine, which allows Egypt to ration their food effectively. Unfortunately, Jacob and his sons are unaware of the incoming famine, and they suffer in the land of Canaan. Hearing about Egypt's success, they travel to plead for food. Jacob is incredibly frail, so he sends his sons to Pharaoh's servants. They harass the boys due to the lack of their father's presence. The sons struggle at first, but Joseph eventually erupts. He reveals himself to his brothers, glad to see them rather than angered by their mistake. Pharaoh and Joseph decide to allow the Israelites to dwell in Goshen, Egypt's most luxurious region. The nation of Israel moves to Goshen, and they are welcomed with open arms.

Upon their exiting of Canaan, Jacob sacrifices to God. At the altar, God reassures Jacob that traveling to Egypt is not a mistake. God says that there, Israel will grow into a vast and great nation. Furthermore, God promises to remain present with Israel throughout their departure and return from and to Canaan. On this covenant, Jacob abandons the land of Canaan with ease. Is God aware that a future Pharaoh forces Jacob's descendants into slavery? If so, does God then intend to make Israel a great nation by putting them through their ordeals in Egypt and the desert? Perhaps, God is all knowing. For God, there is no present, past, or future. Humans may choose their destiny, God can see where that destiny derives from and how we arrived to such a point. For instance, God feels that now is anytime in the history of the universe, for God is always present. Jacob chooses to go to Egypt, but this is out of necessity. He appeals to God before embarking on this journey. Therefore, God approves of the Jews fleeing to Egypt, their bondage, and their Exodus.

To what extent should we thank God for hardship? If God is all powerful and foreseer of all destinies, then God intends for humans to occasionally suffer. In Judaism, one must believe that God is good. Taking this logic, God only approves of righteous acts. While many Jews perish under Ramesses II, following Joseph into Goshen temporarily saves the Jews from starvation. Though it is cliché, how much of what does not kill us actually make us stronger? Biologically, something as threatening as a near-death case of malaria can much improve the immune system. However, do emotionally obstacles provide the same psychological impact? There are stories of Holocaust survivors who say their tragedy taught them how to enjoy life. For God, suffering fails to be important. As long as redemption comes, all pain remains dilatory. Remember that pain is always temporary. We should never let it irritate ourselves, for emotions are not constant. Motion is part of the term. Even a dying soul once loved. On a more spiritual level, the suffering of the Jews of Egypt is not malice on God's part. Every person works off one another, and we are all connected by the exchange of fortune. Jacob leaves Israel, allowing other groups to dominate the lands. The Jews become enslaved, but stronger than ever in the desert. Once they reach Jericho, they reclaim the Promised Land. The Romans force the Jews into exile, later creating the Palestinian conflict in Israel today. One day fate will shift in peace's favor. No life is ever so minuscule to not matter. We are all feeding off each other, collaborating to a better age. Only God knows what happens next.